[ui] Add support for a custom allocator to modm::ViewStack

 Allowing a custom allocator allows users to control how
 modm::AbstractView elements stored by the view stack are allocated.
 This, for example, allows the user to statically allocate all views and
 removes the memory and processing overhead of dynamically allocating
 views. For an example, see aruw-mcb's MainMenu class:
 https://github.com/uw-advanced-robotics/aruw-mcb/blob/develop/aruw-mcb-project/src/aruwsrc/display/main_menu.cpp
 By default, a dynamic allocator used, so default behavior remains unchanged.

src/modm/ui/menu/abstract_menu.hpp

@@ -30,12 +30,17 @@ namespace modm{
 	 * \author Thorsten Lajewski
 	 * \ingroup modm_ui_menu
 	 */
-	class AbstractMenu: public AbstractView
+	template<typename Allocator = std::allocator<IAbstractView> >
+	class AbstractMenu : public AbstractView<Allocator>
 	{
 		public:
 
-			AbstractMenu(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier);
+			AbstractMenu(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier) :
+				modm::AbstractView<Allocator>(stack, identifier)
+			{
+			}
 
+			virtual ~AbstractMenu() {}
 
 			virtual void
 			shortButtonPress(modm::MenuButtons::Button button) = 0;

src/modm/ui/menu/abstract_view.hpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Kevin Läufer
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Thorsten Lajewski
  * Copyright (c) 2014, Sascha Schade
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Matthew Arnold
  *
  * This file is part of the modm project.
  *
@@ -17,13 +18,14 @@
 #ifndef MODM_ABSTRACT_VIEW_HPP
 #define MODM_ABSTRACT_VIEW_HPP
 
-#include <modm/ui/display/color_graphic_display.hpp>
+#include <memory>
 
-#include "menu_buttons.hpp"
+#include "iabstract_view.hpp"
 
 namespace modm
 {
 	// forward declaration
+	template<typename T>
 	class ViewStack;
 
 	/**
@@ -34,8 +36,10 @@ namespace modm
 	 *\ingroup modm_ui_menu
 	 */
 
-	class AbstractView
+	template<typename Allocator = std::allocator<IAbstractView> >
+	class AbstractView : public IAbstractView
 	{
+		template<typename T>
 		friend class ViewStack;
 
 	public:
@@ -44,83 +48,27 @@ namespace modm
 		 * @param identifier can be used to determine which screen is the currently
 		 *        displayed on the graphicDisplay
 		 */
-		AbstractView(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier);
-
-		virtual ~AbstractView() = 0;
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief update The update function of the top most display gets called
-		 *        as often as possible. Only the update of the top view in each
-		 *        ViewStack gets called.
-		 */
-		virtual void
-		update();
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief hasChanged indicates the current displayed view has changed.
-		 *        This function prevents unnecessary drawing of the display
-		 * @return if true the display has to be redrawn.
-		 */
-		virtual bool
-		hasChanged() = 0;
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief draw determine the output on the Graphic Display
-		 */
-		virtual void
-		draw() = 0;
-
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief shortButtonPress handle the action for the pressed button
-		 */
-		virtual void
-		shortButtonPress(modm::MenuButtons::Button button);
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief isAlive tells the ViewStack if it should remove this screen.
-		 * @return
-		 */
-		bool
-		isAlive() const;
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief remove the view from the screen. The viewStack handles the deletion.
-		 */
-		void
-		remove();
-
-		/**
-		 * @brief getIdentifier of the view.
-		 */
-		inline uint8_t getIdentifier(){
-			return this->identifier;
+		AbstractView(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier) :
+			IAbstractView(identifier), stack(stack)
+		{
 		}
 
-	public:
-
-		modm::ColorGraphicDisplay&
-		display();
+		virtual ~AbstractView() = default;
 
-		/**
-		 * @brief onRemove will be called right before the view gets deleted,
-		 *        can be reimplemented to reset external data.
-		 */
-		virtual void
-		onRemove();
-
-		inline modm::ViewStack*
+		inline modm::ViewStack<Allocator>*
 		getViewStack()
 		{
 			return stack;
 		}
 
-	private:
-		modm::ViewStack* stack;
+		modm::GraphicDisplay&
+		display()
+		{
+			return stack->getDisplay();
+		}
 
-	public:
-		const uint8_t identifier;
-		bool alive;
+	private:
+		modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack;
 	};
 }
 

src/modm/ui/menu/choice_menu.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Kevin Läufer
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Thorsten Lajewski
  * Copyright (c) 2015, Niklas Hauser
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Matthew Arnold
  *
  * This file is part of the modm project.
  *
@@ -37,13 +38,14 @@ namespace modm{
 	 *    \ingroup modm_ui_menu
 	 *
 	 */
-	class  ChoiceMenu: public AbstractMenu
+	template<typename Allocator = std::allocator<IAbstractView> >
+	class ChoiceMenu : public AbstractMenu<Allocator>
 	{
 	public:
 
-		ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier);
+		ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier);
 
-		ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier, const char* title);
+		ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier, const char* title);
 
 		/**
 		 * @brief addEntry a new entry to the ChoiceMenu
@@ -112,4 +114,6 @@ namespace modm{
 	};
 }
 
+#include "choice_menu_impl.hpp"
+
 #endif /* CHOICE_MENU_HPP*/

src/modm/ui/menu/choice_menu.cpp → src/modm/ui/menu/choice_menu_impl.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Kevin Läufer
  * Copyright (c) 2013, Thorsten Lajewski
  * Copyright (c) 2015, Niklas Hauser
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Matthew Arnold
  *
  * This file is part of the modm project.
  *
@@ -11,43 +12,48 @@
  */
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-#include "choice_menu.hpp"
+#ifndef CHOICE_MENU_HPP
+#	error 	"Don't include this file directly, use choice_menu.hpp instead!"
+#endif
 
+#include "abstract_view.hpp"
 
-modm::ChoiceMenu::ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier) :
-	modm::AbstractMenu(stack, identifier),
+template<typename Allocator>
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier) :
+	modm::AbstractMenu<Allocator>(stack, identifier),
 	display_update_time(500),
 	timer(display_update_time),
 	buttonAction(false),
 	title(""),
 	homePosition(0),
 	position(0)
 {
-	this->maximalDrawnEntrys = (getViewStack()->getDisplay().getHeight()- 16) / 8 ;
+	this->maximalDrawnEntrys = (this->getViewStack()->getDisplay().getHeight()- 16) / 8 ;
 }
 
-modm::ChoiceMenu::ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack* stack, uint8_t identifier, const char* title) :
-	modm::AbstractMenu(stack, identifier),
+template<typename Allocator>
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::ChoiceMenu(modm::ViewStack<Allocator>* stack, uint8_t identifier, const char* title) :
+	modm::AbstractMenu<Allocator>(stack, identifier),
 	display_update_time(500),
 	timer(display_update_time),
 	buttonAction(false),
 	title(title),
 	homePosition(0),
 	position(0)
 {
-	this->maximalDrawnEntrys = (getViewStack()->getDisplay().getHeight()- 16) / 8 ;
+	this->maximalDrawnEntrys = (this->getViewStack()->getDisplay().getHeight()- 16) / 8 ;
 }
 
-void
-modm::ChoiceMenu::addEntry(const char* text,  bool *valuePtr, bool defaultValue)
+template<typename Allocator> void
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::addEntry(const char* text,  bool *valuePtr, bool defaultValue)
 {
-	static uint16_t availableSpace = (getViewStack()->getDisplay().getWidth()-16)/6-6;
+	static uint16_t availableSpace = (this->getViewStack()->getDisplay().getWidth()-16)/6-6;
 	modm::ChoiceMenuEntry entry(text, availableSpace, valuePtr, defaultValue);
 	this->entries.append(entry);
 }
 
-void
-modm::ChoiceMenu::initialise()
+template<typename Allocator> void
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::initialise()
 {
 	EntryList::iterator iter = this->entries.begin();
 	for(; iter!= this->entries.end(); ++iter){
@@ -62,17 +68,16 @@ modm::ChoiceMenu::initialise()
 	}
 }
 
-void
-modm::ChoiceMenu::setTitle(const char* text)
+template<typename Allocator> void
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::setTitle(const char* text)
 {
 	this->title = text;
 }
 
-
-void
-modm::ChoiceMenu::draw()
+template<typename Allocator> void
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::draw()
 {
-	modm::ColorGraphicDisplay* display = &getViewStack()->getDisplay();
+	modm::GraphicDisplay* display = &this->getViewStack()->getDisplay();
 	display->clear();
 	display->setCursor(0,2);
 	(*display) << this->title;
@@ -115,8 +120,8 @@ modm::ChoiceMenu::draw()
 	// TODO wenn möglich pfeil nach oben und nach unten einfügen
 }
 
-bool
-modm::ChoiceMenu::hasChanged()
+template<typename Allocator> bool
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::hasChanged()
 {
 	if (timer.execute() || this->buttonAction)
 	{
@@ -130,9 +135,8 @@ modm::ChoiceMenu::hasChanged()
 	}
 }
 
-
-void
-modm::ChoiceMenu::shortButtonPress(modm::MenuButtons::Button button)
+template<typename Allocator> void
+modm::ChoiceMenu<Allocator>::shortButtonPress(modm::MenuButtons::Button button)
 {
 	switch(button)
 	{