formattable

This package is designed for applying formatting on vectors and data frames to make data presentation easier, richer, more flexible and hopefully convey more information.

This document is also translated into 日本語 by @hoxo_m, @dichika and @teramonagi.

What's New?

Version 0.2

Breaking changes

• format_table now renders input data frame to html by default instead of markdown.
• formattable.matrix is removed to support matrix/array formatting. Explicitly convert matrix to data frame if you want to create a formattable data frame.
• format_table and formattable.data.frame no longer accepts check.rows and check.names arguments. row.names accepts a logical value and is directly passed to knitr::kable.

New features

• formattable and built-in formatter functions (e.g. percent) now work with matrix and array objects.
• Area formatting is now supported (discussed in #36, #40) with area(row, col) ~ formatter. See examples via ?formattable.data.frame.
• Now a formattable data frame can be converted to DT::datatable via formattable::as.datatable.
• FALSE formatters can be used to hide columns of a data frame.

Enhancements

• The rendered HTML table now supports customizable CSS styling via table_attr argument. (#57)
• color_bar now uses proportion by default as the rescaling function.

Bug fixes

• Fixes an encoding problem rendering formattable data frame. (#30)
• Fixes the size and alignment issues in color bar. (#49)
• format.formattable now preserves the names of input vector. (#56)

Version 0.1.7

Breaking changes

• color_bar is now broken into two versions using different transform functions: normalize_bar uses normalize, the same as color_bar in previous versions, and proportion_bar uses newly introduced proportion as x / max(abs(x)) to create bars of proportional width. (#42, #49)

Install

The package is available on both GitHub and CRAN.

Install from GitHub:

# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("renkun-ken/formattable")

Install from CRAN:

install.packages("formattable")

Introduction

Atomic vectors are basic units to store data. Some data can be read more easily with formatting. A numeric vector, for example, stores a group of percentage numbers yet still shows in the form of typical floating numbers. This package provides functions to create data structures with predefined formatting rules so that these objects store the original data but are printed with formatting.

The package provides several typical formattable objects such as percent, comma, currency, accounting and scientific. These objects are essentially numeric vectors with pre-defined formatting rules and parameters. For example,

library(formattable)
p <- percent(c(0.1, 0.02, 0.03, 0.12))
p

## [1] 10.00% 2.00%  3.00%  12.00%

The percent vector is no different from a numeric vector but has a percentage representation as being printed. It works with arithmetic operations and common functions and preserves its formatting.

p + 0.05

## [1] 15.00% 7.00%  8.00%  17.00%

max(p)

## [1] 12.00%

balance <- accounting(c(1000, 500, 200, -150, 0, 1200))
balance

## [1] 1,000.00 500.00   200.00   (150.00) 0.00     1,200.00

balance + 1000

## [1] 2,000.00 1,500.00 1,200.00 850.00   1,000.00 2,200.00

These functions are special cases of what formattable() can do. formattable() applies highly customizable formatting to objects of a wide range of classes like numeric, logical, factor, Date, data.frame, etc. A typical data frame may look more friendly with formattable column vectors. For example,

p <- data.frame(
  id = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), 
  name = c("A1", "A2", "B1", "B2", "C1"),
  balance = accounting(c(52500, 36150, 25000, 18300, 7600), format = "d"),
  growth = percent(c(0.3, 0.3, 0.1, 0.15, 0.15), format = "d"),
  ready = formattable(c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE), "yes", "no"))
p

##   id name balance growth ready
## 1  1   A1  52,500    30%   yes
## 2  2   A2  36,150    30%   yes
## 3  3   B1  25,000    10%    no
## 4  4   B2  18,300    15%    no
## 5  5   C1   7,600    15%   yes

Formatting tables in dynamic document

In a typical workflow of dynamic document production, knitr and rmarkdown are powerful tools to render documents with R code to different types of portable documents.

knitr is able to render an RMarkdown document (markdown document with R code chunks) to Markdown document. rmarkdown calls pandoc to render a markdown document to HTML web page. To put a table (data.frame in R) on the page, one may call knitr::kable to produce its markdown representation. By default the resulted table is in a plain theme with no additional formatting. However, in some cases, additional formatting may help clarify the information and make contrast of the data. This package provides functions to produce formatted tables in dynamic documents.

df <- data.frame(
  id = 1:10,
  name = c("Bob", "Ashley", "James", "David", "Jenny", 
    "Hans", "Leo", "John", "Emily", "Lee"), 
  age = c(28, 27, 30, 28, 29, 29, 27, 27, 31, 30),
  grade = c("C", "A", "A", "C", "B", "B", "B", "A", "C", "C"),
  test1_score = c(8.9, 9.5, 9.6, 8.9, 9.1, 9.3, 9.3, 9.9, 8.5, 8.6),
  test2_score = c(9.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.1, 8.9, 8.5, 9.2, 9.3, 9.1, 8.8),
  final_score = c(9, 9.3, 9.4, 9, 9, 8.9, 9.25, 9.6, 8.8, 8.7),
  registered = c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE),
  stringsAsFactors = FALSE)

Plain table:

id	name	age	grade	test1_score	test2_score	final_score	registered
1	Bob	28	C	8.9	9.1	9.00	TRUE
2	Ashley	27	A	9.5	9.1	9.30	FALSE
3	James	30	A	9.6	9.2	9.40	TRUE
4	David	28	C	8.9	9.1	9.00	FALSE
5	Jenny	29	B	9.1	8.9	9.00	TRUE
6	Hans	29	B	9.3	8.5	8.90	TRUE
7	Leo	27	B	9.3	9.2	9.25	TRUE
8	John	27	A	9.9	9.3	9.60	FALSE
9	Emily	31	C	8.5	9.1	8.80	FALSE
10	Lee	30	C	8.6	8.8	8.70	FALSE

Formatted table with the following visualizations:

• Ages are rendered in gradient.
• All A grades are displayed in green bold.
• test1_score and test2_score are indicated by horizontal bars and are background-colorized: white (low score) to pink (high score)
• final_score shows score and ranking. Top 3 are green, and others are gray.
• registered texts are transformed to an icon and yes/no text.

library(formattable)

formattable(df, list(
  age = color_tile("white", "orange"),
  grade = formatter("span", style = x ~ ifelse(x == "A", 
    style(color = "green", font.weight = "bold"), NA)),
  area(col = c(test1_score, test2_score)) ~ normalize_bar("pink", 0.2),
  final_score = formatter("span",
    style = x ~ style(color = ifelse(rank(-x) <= 3, "green", "gray")),
    x ~ sprintf("%.2f (rank: %02d)", x, rank(-x))),
  registered = formatter("span",
    style = x ~ style(color = ifelse(x, "green", "red")),
    x ~ icontext(ifelse(x, "ok", "remove"), ifelse(x, "Yes", "No")))
))

The icon set used in the table is by GLYPHICONS.com and included in Bootstrap.

htmlwidget conversion in interactive environments

formattable will automatically convert to an htmlwidget when in an interactive() context such as the console or RStudio IDE. If you would like to avoid this conversion and see the html table output, please use format_table that calls knitr::kable with formatters or call format with the formattable data.frame object.

License

This package is under MIT License.