[IMP] core: DatabaseObject replaces _sql_constraints

content/contributing/development/coding_guidelines.rst

@@ -854,9 +854,10 @@ Symbols and Conventions
       at the beginning of the method.
 
 - In a Model attribute order should be
-    #. Private attributes (``_name``, ``_description``, ``_inherit``, ``_sql_constraints``, ...)
+    #. Private attributes (``_name``, ``_description``, ``_inherit``, ...)
     #. Default method and ``default_get``
     #. Field declarations
+    #. SQL constraints and indexes
     #. Compute, inverse and search methods in the same order as field declaration
     #. Selection method (methods used to return computed values for selection fields)
     #. Constrains methods (``@api.constrains``) and onchange methods (``@api.onchange``)

content/developer/howtos/translations.rst

@@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ Odoo automatically exports translatable strings from "data"-type content:
   * if ``selection`` is present and a list (or tuple), it's exported
   * if their ``translate`` attribute is set to ``True``, all of their existing
     values (across all records) are exported
-* help/error messages of :attr:`~odoo.models.Model._constraints` and
-  :attr:`~odoo.models.Model._sql_constraints` are exported
 
 Explicit exports
 ================

content/developer/reference/backend/orm.rst

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ value::
         Defaults to whatever value was set for :attr:`~._auto`.
 
     .. autoattribute:: _table
-    .. autoattribute:: _sql_constraints
 
     .. autoattribute:: _register
     .. autoattribute:: _abstract
@@ -509,6 +508,30 @@ behavior is desired:
   :class:`~odoo.fields.Many2one`
   :type: :class:`~odoo.addons.base.models.res_company`
 
+Constraints and indexes
+=======================
+
+Similarly to fields, you can declare
+:attr:`~odoo.models.Constraint`,
+:attr:`~odoo.models.Index` and :attr:`~odoo.models.UniqueIndex`.
+The name of the attribute must begin with `_` to avoid name clashes with field
+names.
+
+You can customize error messages.
+They can either be strings and their translation will be provided in the internal
+reflected constraint table.
+Otherwise, they can be functions that take `(env, diag)` as parameters
+which respectively denote the environment and psycopg diagnostics.
+
+.. example::
+
+   .. code-block:: python
+
+          class AModel(models.Model):
+              _name = 'a.model'
+              _my_check = models.Constraint("CHECK (x > y)", "x > y is not true")
+              _name_idx = models.Index("(last_name, first_name)")
+
 Recordsets
 ==========
 

content/developer/reference/backend/orm/changelog.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Changelog
 Odoo Online version 18.1
 ========================
 
+- Declare constraints and indexes as model attributes with `#175783 <https://github.com/odoo/odoo/pull/175783>`_.
 - The `json` controllers have been renamed to `jsonrpc`. They are called the same, only the
   `type` in the python files changed. See `#183636 <https://github.com/odoo/odoo/pull/183636>`_.
 

content/developer/tutorials/backend.rst

@@ -797,7 +797,9 @@ Model constraints
 
 Odoo provides two ways to set up automatically verified invariants:
 :func:`Python constraints <odoo.api.constrains>` and
-:attr:`SQL constraints <odoo.models.Model._sql_constraints>`.
+:attr:`SQL constraints <odoo.models.Constraint>`.
+In a similar way, you can add more complex
+:attr:`SQL indexes <odoo.models.Index>`.
 
 A Python constraint is defined as a method decorated with
 :func:`~odoo.api.constrains`, and invoked on a recordset. The decorator
@@ -819,11 +821,9 @@ raise an exception if its invariant is not satisfied::
    Add a constraint that checks that the instructor is not present in the
    attendees of his/her own session.
 
-SQL constraints are defined through the model attribute
-:attr:`~odoo.models.Model._sql_constraints`. The latter is assigned to a list
-of triples of strings ``(name, sql_definition, message)``, where ``name`` is a
-valid SQL constraint name, ``sql_definition`` is a table_constraint_ expression,
-and ``message`` is the error message.
+Constraints and indexes are defined using:
+:attr:`~odoo.models.Constraint`,
+:attr:`~odoo.models.Index` and :attr:`~odoo.models.UniqueIndex`.
 
 .. exercise:: Add SQL constraints
 

content/developer/tutorials/server_framework_101/10_constraints.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ users from setting a negative expected price.
 
 Odoo provides two ways to set up automatically verified invariants:
 :func:`Python constraints <odoo.api.constrains>` and
-:attr:`SQL constraints <odoo.models.Model._sql_constraints>`.
+:attr:`SQL constraints <odoo.models.Constraint>`.
 
 SQL
 ===
@@ -33,14 +33,16 @@ SQL
         :align: center
         :alt: Constraints on names
 
-SQL constraints are defined through the model attribute
-:attr:`~odoo.models.Model._sql_constraints`. This attribute is assigned a list
-of triples containing strings ``(name, sql_definition, message)``, where ``name`` is a
-valid SQL constraint name, ``sql_definition`` is a table_constraint_ expression
-and ``message`` is the error message.
+SQL objects are defined through :attr:`~odoo.models.Constraint` attributes.
 
-You can find a simple example
-`here <https://github.com/odoo/odoo/blob/24b0b6f07f65b6151d1d06150e376320a44fd20a/addons/analytic/models/analytic_account.py#L20-L23>`__.
+Simple example:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    _check_percentage = models.Constraint(
+        'CHECK(percentage >= 0 AND percentage <= 100)',
+        'The percentage of an analytic distribution should be between 0 and 100.',
+    )
 
 .. exercise:: Add SQL constraints.