Improve SYCL backend `__parallel_for` performance for large input sizes #10682

Job	Run time
clang-format	11s
codespell	14s
documentation	26s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	15m 44s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=clang++,macos-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	4m 38s
FPGA_EMU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	17m 44s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icx-cl,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	18m 18s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 18s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=cl,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	15m 58s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	9m 32s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icx,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	11m 42s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	5m 48s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	8m 39s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	8m 24s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 23s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	9m 21s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 20s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 8s
HOST,bknd=serial,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	4m 40s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	27m 2s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	14m 34s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	13m 21s
	3h 51m 25s

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