Improve SYCL backend `__parallel_for` performance for large input sizes #10693

Job	Run time
codespell	16s
clang-format	13s
documentation	16s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	15m 11s
FPGA_EMU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	16m 48s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icx-cl,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	18m 17s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 23s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=cl,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	16m 6s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	9m 33s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icx,windows-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	11m 2s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	5m 46s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=clang++,macos-latest,std=c++17,cfg=release	4m 51s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	8m 25s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	8m 22s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 11s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	8m 41s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=clang++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 4s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	11m 27s
HOST,bknd=serial,cmplr=g++,ubuntu-latest,std=с++17,cfg=release	4m 45s
CPU,bknd=dpcpp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	24m 52s
HOST,bknd=tbb,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	14m 37s
HOST,bknd=omp,cmplr=icpx,ubuntu-latest,std=с++20,cfg=release	13m 1s
	3h 46m 7s

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