Merge pull request #47 from open223/46-add-an-explanation-about-how-w…

…e-handle-mixed-media

 Added explanation for mixed media

_toc.yml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ parts:
   - file: explanation/223_overview.md
   - file: explanation/graph_structure.md
   - file: explanation/closed_world_assumption.md
+  - file: explanation/medium_mixtures.md
 - caption: Tutorials
   chapters:
   - file: tutorials/model_exploration.md

explanation/medium_mixtures.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Medium Mixtures
+
+The 223 standard includes a large set of enumerations, defined as a hierarchy of subclasses under the class `s223:EnumerationKind`.
+One important piece of this hierarchy is the class `s223:EnumerationKind-Substance` and its direct subclass `s223:Substance-Medium`. 
+It is this branch of the hierarchy where you can find what you would expect to be flowing in a building, such as water, air and electricity. It is important to understand how a medium is modeled, especially when that medium is a mixture. The diagram below sketches the structure of the hierarchy. The names of the classes are abbreviated for clarity, so `s223:Substance-Medium` is shown as Medium for example. In the standard, each of the names follows the hyphenated naming convention of \<parent class>-\<local class>.
+
+![MixedMedium](images/mixed_medium.png)
+
+Note in the figure that there is a division of the Medium class into Mix and Constituent. The Mix class is further divided into Fluid and Power&Signal. Fluid means what you might think - a liquid or gas that typically flows inside some sort of conduit like a duct or a pipe. You can find Water and Air here. To capture the description of what is in a mixture, the model contains the class Constituent and its subclasses. These subclasses are intended to identify the constituents of a mixture. So, for example, a water-glycol mixture would be defined as `s223:Water-GlycolSolution`, with two Properties via the relation `s223:composedOf`. Each of these Properties has a relation `s223:ofConstituent` that identifies one of the constituents from the Medium-Constituent hierarchy. Each Property also captures any other defining information. This is illustrated in the following figure for a 30%  Water-Glycol mixture.
+
+![GlycolExample](images/glycol_example.png)
+
+Mixtures (`s223:Medium-Mix`) and constituents (`s223:Medium-Constituent`) are modeled this way to allow for compatibility validation among ConnectionPoints and Connections. Two mediums are deemed compatible if they share at least one common constituent.