test: add os-targeted integration tests #615

Job	Run time
Benchmarks	5m 51s
Source code checks (stable)	32s
Test (linux)	1m 37s
Source code checks (1.75.0)	28s
Build (x86_64/linux)	1m 21s
Test (macOS)	1m 20s
Build (aarch64/macos)	1m 8s
Build (aarch64/linux)	1m 53s
Build (wasm32/wasi-0.1)	56s
Build (x86_64/windows)	1m 47s
OS target tests (Fedora/latest)	31s
OS target tests (Debian/latest)	14s
OS target tests (Arch Linux/latest)	19s
	17m 57s

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