build/pkgs/python3 3.13.0rc1, require Python >= 3.10, numpy 2.1.1, scipy 1.14.1, pillow 10.4.0, cffi 1.17.0, networkx 3.3, sphinx 8, ipython 8.26

[mkoeppe]

• https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3130rc1/
• Meta-ticket: Review of Python 3 features that sagelib should use systematically #29756

The package upgrades done here require dropping support for Python 3.9.

• https://github.com/numpy/numpy/releases/tag/v2.1.0rc1

Per https://repology.org/project/python/versions, Python 3.9 is the newest supported Python version on:

• debian-bullseye (end of standard support 2024-08; EOL LTS 2026-08)
• opensuse-15.3 (past EOL)
• slackware-15.0
• ubuntu-focal (end of standard support 2025-04; EOL 2032-04)
• see also Meta-ticket: Remove support for outdated distros #32074

📝 Checklist

• The title is concise, informative, and self-explanatory.
• The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
• I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.
• I have created tests covering the changes.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.

⌛ Dependencies

• Depends on tox.ini: Update voidlinux, update installation guide #36957 (removes _crypt)
• Depends on cffi 1.16.0 + Python 3.13 compatibility python-cffi/cffi#24
• Depends on build/pkgs/python3: Update to 3.12.4; declare support of Python 3.12.x stable #37834
• Depends on Various Python package upgrades #38101
• Depends on build/pkgs/setuptools_scm: Upgrade to 8.1.0, fix dependency typing_extensions, change some packages to wheel #38226
• Depends on build/pkgs/numpy 2.0.1, scipy 1.13.1, cmake 3.30.2, gsl 2.8, meson 1.5.1, meson_python 0.16.0, ninja_build 1.12.1, openblas 0.3.28, pybind11 2.13.1, pythran 0.16.1 #38227
• Depends on Python 3.13 support in SciPy 1.13.x (SciPy 1.14.0 drops Python 3.9)
• Depends on Fix sage_bootstrap.flock for Python 3.13 (fedora-41) #38521 (merged)
• Depends on Prepare sage for sphinx 8 #38549 (merged -Xours)
• Depends on reverting Re-add py3.9 support to sage_autodoc.py #38619

[mkoeppe]

Except for cffi, builds OK, but starting up Sage gives:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "sage/misc/cachefunc.pyx", line 1007, in sage.misc.cachefunc.CachedFunction.__call__
    return self.cache[k]
  File "sage/misc/weak_dict.pyx", line 715, in sage.misc.weak_dict.WeakValueDictionary.__getitem__
    raise KeyError(k)
KeyError: ((<class 'sage.rings.real_arb.RealBallField'>, 53), ())

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/bin/sage-ipython", line 10, in <module>
    banner()
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/misc/banner.py", line 115, in banner
    print(banner_text(full=True))
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/misc/banner.py", line 70, in banner_text
    import sage.all
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/all.py", line 84, in <module>
    from sage.rings.all      import *
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/rings/all.py", line 55, in <module>
    from sage.rings.number_field.all import *
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/rings/number_field/all.py", line 2, in <module>
    from .number_field import (NumberField, NumberFieldTower, CyclotomicField, QuadraticField,
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/rings/number_field/number_field.py", line 216, in <module>
    from . import number_field_element_quadratic
  File "sage/rings/number_field/number_field_element_quadratic.pyx", line 1, in init sage.rings.number_field.number_field_element_quadratic
    # distutils: libraries = NTL_LIBRARIES
  File "sage/rings/real_arb.pyx", line 4064, in init sage.rings.real_arb
    RBF = RealBallField()
  File "sage/misc/classcall_metaclass.pyx", line 320, in sage.misc.classcall_metaclass.ClasscallMetaclass.__call__
    return cls.classcall(cls, *args, **kwds)
  File "sage/rings/real_arb.pyx", line 388, in sage.rings.real_arb.RealBallField.__classcall__
    return super().__classcall__(cls, precision)
  File "sage/misc/cachefunc.pyx", line 1012, in sage.misc.cachefunc.CachedFunction.__call__
    w = self.f(*args, **kwds)
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/structure/unique_representation.py", line 1010, in __classcall__
    instance = typecall(cls, *args, **options)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "sage/misc/classcall_metaclass.pyx", line 471, in sage.misc.classcall_metaclass.typecall
    return (<PyTypeObject*>type).tp_call(cls, args, kwds)
  File "sage/rings/real_arb.pyx", line 427, in sage.rings.real_arb.RealBallField.__init__
    self._populate_coercion_lists_(coerce_list=[ZZ, QQ], convert_method_name='_arb_')
  File "sage/structure/parent.pyx", line 1509, in sage.structure.parent.Parent._populate_coercion_lists_
    self.register_coercion(mor)
  File "sage/structure/parent.pyx", line 1655, in sage.structure.parent.Parent.register_coercion
    mor = self._generic_coerce_map(mor)
  File "sage/structure/parent.pyx", line 1932, in sage.structure.parent.Parent._generic_coerce_map
    return self._generic_convert_map(S, category=category)
  File "sage/structure/parent_old.pyx", line 301, in sage.structure.parent_old.Parent._generic_convert_map
    return parent.Parent._generic_convert_map(self, S, category)
  File "sage/structure/parent.pyx", line 1977, in sage.structure.parent.Parent._generic_convert_map
    return DefaultConvertMap_unique(S, self, category=category)
  File "sage/structure/coerce_maps.pyx", line 76, in sage.structure.coerce_maps.DefaultConvertMap.__init__
    parent = domain.Hom(codomain, category=category)
  File "sage/structure/parent.pyx", line 1341, in sage.structure.parent.Parent.Hom
    return Hom(self, codomain, category)
  File "/Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/src/sage/categories/homset.py", line 440, in Hom
    raise ValueError("{} is not in {}".format(O, category))
ValueError: Integer Ring is not in Join of Category of euclidean domains and Category of infinite sets and Category of objects

[github-actions]

Documentation preview for this PR (built with commit b95d0f9; changes) is ready! 🎉
This preview will update shortly after each push to this PR.

[mkoeppe]

[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     In file included from sage/matrix/change_ring.c:1267:
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     In file included from sage/libs/flint/flint_wrap.h:97:
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/local/include/flint/fmpz_mpoly_factor.h:289:46: error: expected ')'
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     void fmpz_poly_pfrac_clear(fmpz_poly_pfrac_t I);
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]                                                  ^
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/complex.h:42:11: note: expanded from macro 'I'
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     #define I _Complex_I
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]               ^
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/complex.h:40:21: note: expanded from macro '_Complex_I'
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     #define _Complex_I (__extension__ 1.0iF)
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]                         ^
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Users/mkoeppe/s/sage/sage-rebasing/worktree-pristine/local/include/flint/fmpz_mpoly_factor.h:289:46: note: to match this '('
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/complex.h:42:11: note: expanded from macro 'I'
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     #define I _Complex_I
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]               ^
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/complex.h:40:20: note: expanded from macro '_Complex_I'
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]     #define _Complex_I (__extension__ 1.0iF)
[sagelib-10.4.beta9] [spkg-install]                        ^