sagemathgh-39184: Refactor produce_latex_macro

Alternative to sagemath#39181 .

### 📝 Checklist

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- [x] The title is concise and informative.
- [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
- [x] I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.
- [x] I have created tests covering the changes. (no behavior change)
- [x] I have updated the documentation and checked the documentation
preview.

### ⌛ Dependencies

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URL: sagemath#39184
Reported by: user202729
Reviewer(s):

build/pkgs/configure/checksums.ini

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 tarball=configure-VERSION.tar.gz
-sha1=a03b8a505678cba0d652514d739bd32eb30bb925
-sha256=6525b44fea6b9d0238ca4790e8be5168e8d08c350787704a59ada9b6075a1f0f
+sha1=36b1c4a6f0660389b7bff12a39892442f8e42c05
+sha256=533fcd20eecaaffa05d16198103114882a010283eff01fa79cb723cad3de7633

build/pkgs/configure/package-version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-291e54bf234b1753909f22a043e91a4a639693c1
+cb8b29303e0a2dd95a49eaa273ed74e7feba7c4c

src/sage/misc/latex_macros.py

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
 contain '\newcommand' lines for each of the entries in ``macros``.
 """
 
+import importlib
+
 
 def produce_latex_macro(name, *sample_args):
     r"""
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ def produce_latex_macro(name, *sample_args):
          sage: produce_latex_macro('GF', 37)
          '\\newcommand{\\GF}[1]{\\Bold{F}_{#1}}'
 
-    If the Sage object is not in the global name space, describe it
+    If the Sage object is not in the global namespace, describe it
     like so::
 
          sage: produce_latex_macro('sage.rings.finite_rings.finite_field_constructor.FiniteField', 3)
@@ -84,22 +86,16 @@ def produce_latex_macro(name, *sample_args):
     else:
         module, real_name = names_split
     newcommand = '\\newcommand{\\' + real_name + '}'
-    count = 0
-    args = "("
-    for x in sample_args:
-        count += 1
-        args += str(x) + ','
-    args += ')'
-    exec('from ' + module + ' import ' + real_name)
-    if count:
-        defn = '[' + str(count) + ']{'
-        defn += eval('str(LatexCall()(' + real_name + args + '))') + '}'
+    sage_object = getattr(importlib.import_module(module), real_name)
+    if sample_args:
+        defn = '[' + str(len(sample_args)) + ']{'
+        defn += str(LatexCall()(sage_object(*sample_args))) + '}'
     else:
-        defn = '{' + eval('str(LatexCall()(' + real_name + '))') + '}'
-    count = 0
-    for x in sample_args:
-        count += 1
-        defn = defn.replace(str(x), "#" + str(count))
+        defn = '{' + str(LatexCall()(sage_object)) + '}'
+    for i, x in enumerate(sample_args):
+        s = str(x)
+        assert s in defn
+        defn = defn.replace(s, "#" + str(i+1))
     return newcommand + defn