Implement fuel metering for the register-machine wasmi engine backend

[Robbepop]

• Removed fields and fields accesses by methods.
• Added new methods that make more sense for the new register-machine wasmi engine backend.
• Adjusted both stack-machine and register-machine to the new model.
• Reinvent register-machine translation API for fuel metering.
• Implement fuel metering for all wasmi IR instruction of the new register-machine.
  • Control Flow
  • Branches
  • global instructions
  • call instructions
  • table instructions
  • memory instructions
  • select instructions
  • local.{set, tee} instructions
  • load instructions
  • store instructions
  • compare instructions
  • unary instructions
  • binary instructions
  • conversion instructions
  • copy instructions
  • return instructions
• Implement fuel metering for function enclosing Wasm block.
  • Adhere for total register usage of the called function.
• Add tests to check register-machine fuel metering works.
  • The whole Wasm spec testsuite ran fine with fuel metering enabled and enough fuel given.
• Add benchmarks to check performance of fuel metered translation.
  • Waiting for Add fuel metering translation to benchmarks #813 to merge.

TODO

• Make fuel_per_copy (et.al.) use usize for len parameter instead of u64.
  • Refactoring deemed too verbose on the stack-machine wasmi translator for the gained effect.
• Use new FuelInfo enum type instead of raw Option<(FuelCost, Instr)>.

[paritytech-cicd-pr]

BENCHMARKS

	NATIVE			WASMTIME
BENCHMARK	MASTER	PR	DIFF	MASTER	PR	DIFF	WASMTIME OVERHEAD
execute/ br_table	1.57ms	1.55ms	⚪ -0.60%	1.30ms	1.31ms	⚪ 1.03%	🟢 -15%
execute/ call/host/1	36.32µs	36.94µs	🔴 1.62%	40.62µs	39.28µs	🟢 -3.20%	🟢 6%
execute/ call/rec	167.21µs	165.81µs	⚪ -0.96%	357.33µs	353.21µs	🟢 -1.17%	🔴 113%
execute/ count_until	7.43ms	7.47ms	⚪ 0.62%	7.56ms	7.52ms	⚪ -0.38%	🟢 1%
execute/ factorial/iter	253.15µs	232.47µs	🟢 -8.41%	293.36µs	301.31µs	🔴 2.66%	🟢 30%
execute/ factorial/rec	695.36µs	672.40µs	🟢 -3.07%	1.36ms	1.29ms	🟢 -4.67%	🟡 92%
execute/ fibonacci/iter	1.34ms	1.36ms	🔴 1.78%	1.30ms	1.27ms	🟢 -2.53%	🟢 -7%
execute/ fibonacci/rec	6.17ms	6.15ms	⚪ -0.33%	13.52ms	13.37ms	🟢 -1.15%	🔴 117%
execute/ fibonacci/tail	1.38ms	1.34ms	🟢 -2.94%	3.69ms	3.62ms	🟢 -2.03%	🔴 170%
execute/ fuse	9.16ms	7.70ms	🟢 -15.75%	12.64ms	12.67ms	⚪ 0.20%	🟡 64%
execute/ global/bump	1.38ms	1.37ms	⚪ 1.12%	1.60ms	1.60ms	⚪ -0.08%	🟢 17%
execute/ global/get_const	709.52µs	647.50µs	🟢 -8.70%	748.16µs	749.83µs	⚪ 0.22%	🟢 16%
execute/ is_even/rec	1.08ms	1.09ms	⚪ -0.22%	2.23ms	2.23ms	⚪ 0.04%	🔴 106%
execute/ memory/fill_bytes	1.13ms	1.14ms	⚪ 1.06%	1.23ms	1.24ms	⚪ 0.86%	🟢 8%
execute/ memory/sum_bytes	1.09ms	1.07ms	🟢 -1.85%	1.23ms	1.25ms	🔴 2.16%	🟢 17%
execute/ memory/vec_add	2.94ms	2.94ms	⚪ 0.22%	3.62ms	3.58ms	⚪ -0.92%	🟢 22%
execute/ recursive_scan	189.36µs	182.70µs	🟢 -4.19%	375.97µs	374.04µs	⚪ -0.51%	🔴 105%
execute/ recursive_trap	15.47µs	15.33µs	⚪ -1.00%	34.94µs	37.13µs	🔴 6.17%	🔴 142%
execute/ regex_redux	601.91µs	608.33µs	⚪ 0.38%	1.04ms	1.02ms	🟢 -2.10%	🟡 68%
execute/ rev_complement	442.47µs	441.77µs	⚪ -0.11%	632.80µs	664.79µs	🔴 5.05%	🟢 50%
execute/ tiny_keccak	350.25µs	351.08µs	⚪ 0.23%	385.16µs	382.73µs	⚪ -0.69%	🟢 9%
execute/ trunc_f2i	615.47µs	618.19µs	⚪ 0.48%	938.82µs	942.43µs	⚪ 0.25%	🟡 52%
instantiate/ wasm_kernel	55.97µs	54.80µs	⚪ 0.60%	55.33µs	55.93µs	⚪ 1.44%	🟢 2%
overhead/ call/typed/0	1.21ms	1.22ms	⚪ 0.04%	844.27µs	851.74µs	⚪ 1.01%	🟢 -30%
overhead/ call/typed/16	1.80ms	1.62ms	🟢 -7.30%	2.10ms	1.94ms	🟢 -7.49%	🟢 20%
overhead/ call/untyped/0	1.63ms	1.66ms	⚪ 1.56%	1.30ms	1.34ms	🔴 2.67%	🟢 -19%
overhead/ call/untyped/16	2.58ms	2.47ms	🟢 -4.00%	3.91ms	3.88ms	⚪ -0.55%	🟡 57%
translate/ bz2/default	1.31ms	1.39ms	🔴 5.40%	2.45ms	2.54ms	🔴 3.69%	🟡 83%
translate/ bz2/fuel	1.32ms	1.44ms	🔴 8.98%	2.45ms	2.70ms	🔴 10.20%	🟡 88%
translate/ erc1155/default	275.66µs	281.95µs	🔴 2.40%	472.63µs	496.14µs	🔴 5.02%	🟡 76%
translate/ erc1155/fuel	276.64µs	302.99µs	🔴 9.40%	478.64µs	527.12µs	🔴 10.03%	🟡 74%
translate/ erc20/default	135.04µs	135.80µs	⚪ 0.43%	227.64µs	237.72µs	🔴 4.41%	🟡 75%
translate/ erc20/fuel	134.85µs	144.26µs	🔴 6.32%	227.64µs	250.18µs	🔴 9.83%	🟡 73%
translate/ erc721/default	190.75µs	194.11µs	🔴 1.73%	327.88µs	341.45µs	🔴 4.27%	🟡 76%
translate/ erc721/fuel	191.73µs	204.24µs	🔴 6.48%	330.27µs	356.86µs	🔴 7.89%	🟡 75%
translate/ pulldown_cmark/default	3.64ms	3.77ms	🔴 3.52%	6.44ms	6.63ms	🔴 2.93%	🟡 76%
translate/ pulldown_cmark/fuel	3.63ms	3.87ms	🔴 6.41%	6.44ms	6.98ms	🔴 8.27%	🟡 80%
translate/ spidermonkey/default	0.00ns	0.00ns	🔴 3.44%	0.00ns	0.00ns	🔴 3.50%	🟢 0%
translate/ spidermonkey/fuel	0.00ns	0.00ns	🔴 6.46%	0.00ns	0.00ns	🔴 7.40%	🟢 0%
translate/ wasm_kernel/default	4.88ms	5.02ms	🔴 2.97%	8.69ms	8.94ms	🔴 3.00%	🟡 78%
translate/ wasm_kernel/fuel	4.91ms	5.16ms	🔴 5.15%	8.74ms	9.34ms	🔴 7.01%	🟡 81%

Link to pipeline

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 63 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (80e1d21) 80.92% compared to head (553f01e) 81.47%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
crates/wasmi/src/engine/regmach/translator/mod.rs	71.64%	38 Missing ⚠️
...smi/src/engine/regmach/translator/instr_encoder.rs	73.68%	15 Missing ⚠️
...rates/wasmi/src/engine/regmach/translator/visit.rs	87.50%	9 Missing ⚠️
crates/wasmi/src/engine/config.rs	96.29%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #810      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   80.92%   81.47%   +0.54%     
==========================================
  Files         274      274              
  Lines       25366    25381      +15     
==========================================
+ Hits        20528    20678     +150     
+ Misses       4838     4703     -135     

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