CP-51694: Add date deserialization unit tests for C#/Java/Go

[danilo-delbusso]

I didn't update C because it was out of scope for the CP. Also, we're likely to change it soon enough when moving to JSON-RPC so I saw little use in investing that time.

Note that the Java tests don't need an explicit step in the GitHub action since surefire plugin runs it at compile time.

I added the Go tests under go/src and not component-test/ because they're unit tests, and don't really belong in that series of test.